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具(牛鑒)親供(十一):
以前事論逆夷之狂悖猖獗,誠令人眥裂發指,自此次受撫后,其感激大皇帝之恩德,歡欣鼓舞,似又出于至誠。雖其猜疑觀望之心究不能信其必無,惟朝廷結以恩信,示之不疑,當不致復為我忠。至于中國修整武備,沿海沿江鑄炮增壘,設險防守,固不可稍緩須臾,而開布腹心,宣示德意,不使之更啟戎心,尤為至要。是又在疆臣撫馭得宜,可期億萬年邊境綏靖矣。鑒身系圖,心在廷,區區之忱,結于中誠,不能已于言也。 總之,鑒知識短淺,未嫻軍旅,仰蒙皇上格外鴻恩,予以重寄。去年十月任事,即馳赴上海籌畫防堵。乃止知嚴防吳淞,又不能攖城固守,而于鵝鼻嘴、圌山關等處,但知調集兵勇,專事堵御,又不能詳度機宜,在在周密。以致夷船竟乘潮漲風順駛入大江,既陷鎮城,又逼寧省,辦理錯謬,實屬無地自容。惟求皇上從重治罪,為從徒抱愚誠,致誤國事者戒。所具親供是實。
原文第1句
以前事論逆夷之狂悖猖獗,誠令人眥裂發指,
English:
“Judging by past events, the foreigners’ arrogance and recklessness were so extreme that one could almost tear one’s eyes and gnash one’s teeth in indignation.”
中文詳釋:
牛鑒開篇回顧歷史,強調外敵以往的狂妄、猖獗行為。
“令人眥裂發指” —— 形容憤怒和震驚到極點,凸顯牛鑒對敵情的清醒認識。
展示他直面現實、不粉飾歷史的勇氣。
自此次受撫后,其感激大皇帝之恩德,歡欣鼓舞,似又出于至誠。
English:
“Since receiving clemency this time, they have expressed gratitude for the Emperor’s gracious virtue, rejoicing and encouraged, seemingly arising from utmost sincerity.”
中文詳釋:
牛鑒描述敵方在獲得清廷寬容后的態度轉變。
“歡欣鼓舞,似又出于至誠” —— 他洞察敵心,并能辨別真偽,顯示政治眼光敏銳。
體現牛鑒既有戰略眼光,又有對外交細節的精準把握。
雖其猜疑觀望之心究不能信其必無,惟朝廷結以恩信,示之不疑,當不致復為我忠。
English:
“Although we cannot entirely trust that their suspicion and cautious watchfulness are gone, if the court binds them with grace and trust, showing no doubt, they should not again act against us.”
中文詳釋:
牛鑒非常理智,清楚敵方未必完全改心,但通過皇恩和信任可以穩固局面。
“結以恩信,示之不疑” —— 提出以恩信穩敵的治國策略,體現他的政治智慧。
至于中國修整武備,沿海沿江鑄炮增壘,設險防守,固不可稍緩須臾,而開布腹心,宣示德意,不使之更啟戎心,尤為至要。
English:
“As for China’s fortifications, along the coast and rivers, cannons must be cast, walls reinforced, defenses established; this must not be delayed even for a moment. At the same time, we must display sincerity of heart, demonstrating virtue, so as not to provoke them again — this is of utmost importance.”
中文詳釋:
牛鑒主張軍事防御與政治策略并行:一方面加強沿海防御,另一方面以誠意示人。
“尤為至要” —— 強調政治智慧與軍事準備同等重要。
體現他既懂兵法,又懂外交與心理戰略,遠見卓識。
是又在疆臣撫馭得宜,可期億萬年邊境綏靖矣。
English:
“Thus, if border officials govern and pacify properly, one may hope for peaceful borders for generations to come.”
中文詳釋:
牛鑒將戰略延伸至長遠,認為合宜的治理可實現邊境長治久安。
“億萬年邊境綏靖” —— 夸張手法突出他對國家穩定的重視和胸懷。
鑒身系圖,心在廷,區區之忱,結于中誠,不能已于言也。
English:
“Niu Jian is devoted to the national plan, his heart remains in the court; his humble devotion is bound in true sincerity, and he cannot restrain himself from expressing it.”
中文詳釋:
牛鑒表明自己心系國家、忠誠不二。
“不能已于言也” —— 他寫奏章毫不保留,將忠誠與責任傾盡筆端。
展示其人格魅力:忠勇、赤誠、為國忘私。
總之,鑒知識短淺,未嫻軍旅,仰蒙皇上格外鴻恩,予以重寄。
English:
“In short, though Niu Jian’s knowledge is limited and he is not yet skilled in military affairs, he has been specially entrusted by the Emperor with significant responsibilities, enjoying His Majesty’s extraordinary grace.”
中文詳釋:
牛鑒謙虛自述,顯示出品德高尚:即便能力有限,也盡心盡力。
“仰蒙皇上格外鴻恩” —— 皇帝對他的信任與重用,體現他在朝廷的威望。
去年十月任事,即馳赴上海籌畫防堵。乃止知嚴防吳淞,又不能攖城固守,而于鵝鼻嘴、圌山關等處,但知調集兵勇,專事堵御,又不能詳度機宜,在在周密。
English:
“Last October, upon taking office, he rushed to Shanghai to plan defenses. He only knew to guard Wusong strictly, but could not manage city fortifications; at places like Enbi Zui and Quan Shan Pass, he only knew to gather troops to block the enemy, yet could not fully measure the strategy, despite meticulous planning.”
中文詳釋:
牛鑒坦陳自身不足,展示謙虛與真實。
強調他勤勉努力、親赴前線籌劃防守,體現忠誠與責任感。
以致夷船竟乘潮漲風順駛入大江,既陷鎮城,又逼寧省,辦理錯謬,實屬無地自容。
English:
“As a result, the enemy ships rode the tide and wind into the Yangtze, capturing Zhen city and threatening Ning province; errors in handling made me feel utterly ashamed.”
中文詳釋:
牛鑒對戰局失誤有深刻自省,“無地自容”顯示他極高的道德自律,與自我謙卑。
雖遭挫敗,但他不推諉責任,直面責任,彰顯頂級封疆大吏風范。
惟求皇上從重治罪,為從徒抱愚誠,致誤國事者戒。
English:
“He humbly requests the Emperor to impose appropriate punishment, as a warning to disciples and to those whose errors might harm the state, acknowledging his own na?ve but sincere service.”
中文詳釋:
牛鑒以誠懇態度請求懲戒自己,負荊請罪,以示警戒,體現忠誠與責任心。
“愚誠” —— 他承認能力有限,但盡心盡力,直面責任,絕不逃避,盡顯忠勇,對大清帝國亡國之兆已經盡力了,這在大清帝國的封疆大吏中十分少見。
所具親供是實。
English:
“What I have provided in this personal report is entirely truthful.”
中文詳釋:
牛鑒保證自己的陳述完全真實,不隱瞞不夸飾。
強調其品格端正與責任感。
牛鑒不僅勇智過人,更有非凡的政治洞察力和高尚人格。他深諳軍事與政治之道,即便知識有限,也能在關鍵時刻果敢擔當、親赴前線籌劃防務。他洞察敵情入微,知彼知己,能提出符合國家長遠利益的戰略決策。牛鑒心系社稷、忠誠無二,哪怕自覺未盡完美,也坦誠自省,請求懲戒以警后人,顯示其卓越的忠誠與道德修養。他的智慧、勇氣與赤誠之心,令人敬佩,是大清帝國忠臣的典范,光耀史冊、千秋萬世不滅!
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