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重氮化合物和烯烴區域選擇性的進行1,3-偶極環加成反應關環得到吡唑啉或吡唑的反應。此反應最早由 V on Pechmann 在1895年首先報道【Von Pechmann, H., Ber. , 1895 , 28, 855】。底物烯烴連有共軛基團,羰基,酯基,氰基或磺酰基,很容易加成得到吡唑,然而連有苯基時,反應活性下降。重氮甲烷和炔烴進行 1,3-偶極環加成 得到吡唑的反應也是由 V on Pechmann 發現的。
反應機理
重氮化合物作為1,3-偶極子對烯烴進行 。
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反應實例
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【 J. Am. Chem. Soc. , 1943 , 65, 159】
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【 J. Org. Chem. , 1968 , 33, 4451】
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4-Phenyl-3-trimethylsilylpyrazole (10). A solution of 9 prepared from TMSCHN2 and BuLi was treated with cinnamonitrile 8 (129 mg, 1 mmol) in THF (2 mL). After 0.5 h stirring at -78 ℃ and 1.5 h at -45 ℃, the reaction mixture was quenched with aq NH4Cl. Usual workup and chromatography (silica gel, CHCl3:Et2O, 20:1) gave 190 mg of 10 (88%), mp 117–118.5 ℃.
【 Tet Lett . 1984 , 25, 433】
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【Heterocycles, 1988, 27, 343】
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相關文獻
1 Pechman von H Chem Ber 1898 31 2950
2 Sheenan JC J Am Chem Soc 1949 71 4059
3 Matteson DS J Org Chem 1962 27 4293
4 Huisgen R Angew Chem 1963 75 604
5 Shioiri T Tet Lett 1984 25 433
6 Aoyama T Heterocycles 1988 27 343
7 Sandhu JS ARKIVOC 2007 xv 18
參考資料
一、Organic Syntheses Based On Name Reactions, 3RdEd, A. Hassner, Page 367.
二、Comprehensive Organic Name Reactions and Reagents, by Zerong Wang,2147-2150.
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