歡喜山民宿 · 23度風(fēng)起歡喜山，一席茶煙靜塵寰 | ZENGJIASHAN ZEN TEA HOMESTAY SPACE

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“忘足，履之適也；忘腰，帶之適也；忘是非，心之適也。”

——莊子.達(dá)生

曾家山平均海拔1400米，總面積586平方公里，森林覆蓋率74%，地質(zhì)景觀獨(dú)特，享有“川北小西藏”、“蜀道亞高原”、“中國(guó)十大避暑名山”、“中國(guó)西部生態(tài)養(yǎng)生基地”等美譽(yù)。歷史上和地理上，這一片秦巴山區(qū)（包括廣元曾家山和漢中部分地區(qū)）聯(lián)系緊密，風(fēng)光、氣候、民俗有相似之處。很多從漢中出發(fā)的游客會(huì)選擇去曾家山旅游。曾家山作為川北知名的避暑勝地和旅游景區(qū)，在陜南（包括漢中）也有很高的知名度，常被周邊地區(qū)居民視為一個(gè)便捷的旅游目的地。

項(xiàng)目位于鎮(zhèn)巴縣城西南面曾家山地區(qū)，距離縣城10分鐘車程。鎮(zhèn)巴縣隸屬于漢中市，原來(lái)名為“定遠(yuǎn)”，后來(lái)改名“鎮(zhèn)巴”，應(yīng)該是和巴山有密切的關(guān)系。雖說(shuō)地處陜西境內(nèi)，但是語(yǔ)言和飲食習(xí)慣基本上和四川無(wú)異。

Zengjiashan has an average altitude of 1,400 meters, a total area of 586 square kilometers, a forest coverage rate of 74%, and unique geological landscapes. It enjoys the reputation of "Little Xizang of Northern Sichuan", "Subplateau of the Shu Road", "Top Ten Summer Resorts in China", and "Ecological Health Base in Western China". Historically and geographically, this area of the Qinba Mountain Region (including parts of Zengjiashan in Guangyuan and Hanzhong) is closely connected, sharing similarities in terms of scenery, climate and folk customs. Many tourists departing from Hanzhong choose to travel to Zengjiashan. Zengjiashan, a well-known summer resort and tourist attraction in northern Sichuan, also enjoys a high reputation in southern Shaanxi (including Hanzhong), and is often regarded by the residents of the surrounding areas as a convenient tourist destination.

The project is located in the Zengjiashan area in the southwest of Zhenba County, 10 minutes' drive from the county seat. Zhenba County is under the jurisdiction of Hanzhong City. It was originally called "Dingyuan" and later renamed "Zhenba", which should have a close relationship with the Ba Mountains. Although it is located in Shaanxi Province, its language and dietary habits are basically the same as those in Sichuan.

一、陜西漢中 ·歡喜山

RESIDENTIAL DESIGN

沿著盤山路蜿蜒而上，可以到達(dá)三個(gè)民房，繼續(xù)向上一個(gè)回頭彎后，就來(lái)到項(xiàng)目現(xiàn)場(chǎng)。項(xiàng)目用地沿道路東面展開，一直延伸到山坡頂端一戶人家。整個(gè)用地原始植被較為豐富，向北向西都被高達(dá)的樹木所遮擋，向東向南可以有較遠(yuǎn)的視野縱深，可以作為主要的景觀方向。整個(gè)山地的景色比較均質(zhì)，缺乏特別抓人眼球的極致景色。

設(shè)計(jì)師壓著這題搜盤山路來(lái)回有了幾趟，最后，終于在最后那個(gè)回頭彎前停下來(lái)，“這里有可能成為最終的引爆點(diǎn)”。在這個(gè)回頭彎布置移動(dòng)景觀最大化的建筑，面向東面展開觀景面，可以遠(yuǎn)觀山景，同時(shí)他可以成為山上的表示性建筑，具備了看與別看的特質(zhì)。

由于這樣的原因，項(xiàng)目的1號(hào)建筑在這里落位。整個(gè)前區(qū)的接待服務(wù)功能聚集于此，面向東面的景觀面布置接待廳、餐廳、茶室和包間。長(zhǎng)達(dá)70米的觀景面被極限的利用起來(lái)。

Following the winding mountain road up, you can reach three civilian houses. After making one more turn upwards, you will arrive at the project site. The project site spreads along the east side of the road and extends all the way to a household at the top of the hillside. The entire land is rich in original vegetation. It is blocked by tall trees to the north and west, while to the east and south, there is a considerable depth of view, which can serve as the main direction of the landscape. The scenery of the entire mountain area is rather uniform and lacks particularly eye-catching and extreme views.

The designer, under the pressure of this question, searched the winding mountain road back and forth several times. Finally, he stopped just before the last turn back, saying, "This place might become the ultimate trigger point." In this turning corner, the building that maximizes the mobile landscape is arranged, with the viewing side facing east, allowing for a distant view of the mountain scenery. At the same time, it can become a representative building on the mountain, possessing the characteristics of both viewing and not viewing.

For this reason, Building 1 of the project is located here. The entire reception service function of the front area is concentrated here. The reception hall, restaurant, tea room and private rooms are arranged on the east-facing landscape. The 70-meter-long viewing surface has been utilized to the fullest extent.

山路的盡頭有一組老建筑，是村民的舊屋。門前幾棵大樹特別有歸屬感，在充分保留場(chǎng)地喬木的基礎(chǔ)上，舊屋也被部分保留下來(lái)。并且，這一橫一豎的組合方式也成為客房院落的實(shí)際出發(fā)點(diǎn)。由于運(yùn)營(yíng)商的需求，我們需要打造院子空間來(lái)給客人整棟使用。設(shè)計(jì)師以老建筑的組合方式為原型，做了適當(dāng)?shù)纳?jí)，局部建筑成為兩層，組合成為獨(dú)立的庭院客房。沒個(gè)獨(dú)立的院子有三套客房的同時(shí)，還提供了餐廳、活動(dòng)室和室外的露臺(tái)和泡池。構(gòu)成了本項(xiàng)目的基本度假單元。

原設(shè)計(jì)在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)客房區(qū)中間又結(jié)合咖啡廳的泳池空間。后來(lái)由于土地問(wèn)題被迫取消，客房也被打散分不到用地的邊緣。在建筑二次放線的過(guò)程中，無(wú)意走到一處山坡，樹林中遠(yuǎn)眺場(chǎng)地一覽無(wú)余。“這里可以布置建筑嗎？”現(xiàn)場(chǎng)得到土地部門的認(rèn)可后，大家就決定重新設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)泳池咖啡廳，放在這個(gè)位置。至此，具備打卡屬性的泳池就這樣落位了。遺憾的是項(xiàng)目落地過(guò)程中原本懸挑的咖啡廳平臺(tái)變?yōu)槁涞氐男问剑チ嗽O(shè)計(jì)“輕盈的感覺”。

At the end of the mountain road, there is a group of old buildings, which are the villagers' old houses. The several big trees in front of the door give a special sense of belonging. On the basis of fully preserving the trees on the site, the old house has also been partially preserved. Moreover, this combination of horizontal and vertical lines also serves as the actual starting point for the guest room courtyard. Due to the demands of the operator, we need to create a courtyard space for the entire building to be used by the guests. The designer took the combination method of the old building as a prototype and made appropriate upgrades. Some parts of the building became two-story and were combined into independent courtyard guest rooms. There is no separate courtyard. It has three guest rooms and also offers a restaurant, an activity room, an outdoor terrace and a hot spring pool. It constitutes the basic vacation unit of this project.

The original design integrates the swimming pool space of the coffee shop in the middle of the standard guest room area. Later, due to land issues, it was forced to be cancelled, and the guest rooms were also scattered and could not be allocated to the edge of the land. During the secondary layout of the building, I happened to walk up a hillside. From the woods, I could see the site in full view.

Can buildings be arranged here? After obtaining approval from the land department on site, everyone decided to redesign a swimming pool cafe and place it in this location. So far, the swimming pool with check-in attributes has been placed. Regrettably, during the project's implementation, the originally cantilevered coffee shop platform was transformed into a ground floor form, losing the "light and airy" feel of the original design.

二、空間美學(xué)

RESIDENTIAL DESIGN

除了民宿的基本功能需求外，本項(xiàng)目還有和特別的職能——城市客廳。承載著鎮(zhèn)巴的招商活動(dòng)、企業(yè)產(chǎn)品發(fā)布、文旅項(xiàng)目推介等方面的活動(dòng)功能，因此，增加了活動(dòng)廳的設(shè)計(jì)。多功能大廳位于道路一側(cè)，交通便捷抵達(dá)的地方。同時(shí)，結(jié)合室外的廣場(chǎng)，能夠輻射整個(gè)活動(dòng)草坪，是室內(nèi)會(huì)議和室外活動(dòng)的多目的場(chǎng)所。

剛才提到了很多設(shè)計(jì)的功能和需求，在滿足這些需求的同時(shí)，我們沒有更多的強(qiáng)調(diào)建筑的存在感，而希望建筑的體驗(yàn)，如同舒適的鞋子一樣，讓人忘記了建筑本身的存在。所以設(shè)計(jì)上不求可以的表達(dá)，而是盡量收斂和含蓄的提供體驗(yàn)的空間。這也是本項(xiàng)目呼應(yīng)“禪茶文化”的重要設(shè)計(jì)理念。

In addition to the basic functional requirements of a homestay, this project also has a special function - a city living room. It serves the functions of investment promotion activities, enterprise product launches, and cultural tourism project promotions in Zhenba. Therefore, the design of the event hall has been added. The multi-functional hall is located on one side of the road, in a place with convenient transportation. At the same time, combined with the outdoor square, it can radiate the entire activity lawn, making it a multi-purpose venue for both indoor meetings and outdoor activities.

Just now, many functions and requirements of design were mentioned. While meeting these requirements, we did not emphasize the presence of the building more. Instead, we hoped that the experience of the building would be like comfortable shoes, making people forget the existence of the building itself. Therefore, in the design, we do not seek possible expression, but rather strive to provide space for experience in a restrained and reserved manner. This is also an important design concept of this project that echoes the "Zen tea culture".

整個(gè)園區(qū)近4萬(wàn)平米的用地，連同木屋的建筑總面積超過(guò)5000平米，容積率在0.1左右，如此低的建筑密度，為景觀綠化提供了廣大的場(chǎng)地，形成了超大的園林空間。

The entire park covers an area of nearly 40,000 square meters, with a total construction area including wooden houses exceeding 5,000 square meters. The plot ratio is around 0.1. Such a low building density provides a vast space for landscape greening and forms a super-large garden space.

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