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根據(jù)《朝日新聞》最新消息,日本一家民間智庫(kù)于周二發(fā)布的調(diào)查顯示,受原材料價(jià)格上漲與勞動(dòng)力短缺加劇的雙重沖擊( as rising raw material costs and intensifying labor shortages),2025年日本企業(yè)破產(chǎn)數(shù)量攀升至12年來的最高水平。
這份數(shù)據(jù)凸顯出,通脹高企與勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)趨緊正成為企業(yè)發(fā)展的新挑戰(zhàn),這或?qū)⒊掷m(xù)對(duì)日本央行施壓,迫使其上調(diào)當(dāng)前仍處于低位的基準(zhǔn)利率(which could keep the Bank of Japan under pressure to raise still-low interest rates)。
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據(jù)這家名叫東京商工調(diào)查公司的統(tǒng)計(jì),2025年日本破產(chǎn)企業(yè)總數(shù)達(dá)10300家,創(chuàng)下2013年以來的峰值。該數(shù)字較上年同比增長(zhǎng)2.9%,達(dá)到連續(xù)四年增長(zhǎng),但增速較2024年的15.1%明顯放緩。
該機(jī)構(gòu)指出:“受日元疲軟影響,日本物價(jià)持續(xù)走高,那些未能及時(shí)剝離過剩債務(wù)的企業(yè),或?qū)⒚媾R利率上調(diào)、特朗普關(guān)稅政策以及日-中關(guān)系惡化等一系列新挑戰(zhàn)(such as rising interest rates, Trump tariffs and Japan's souring relations with China)。”
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調(diào)查同時(shí)顯示,2025年因勞動(dòng)力短缺(caused by labor shortages)引發(fā)的企業(yè)破產(chǎn)案例達(dá)397起,刷新歷史紀(jì)錄。
日本內(nèi)閣府同日發(fā)布的另一項(xiàng)官方調(diào)查顯示,12月零售等貼近消費(fèi)端的企業(yè)景氣指數(shù)連續(xù)第二個(gè)月下滑(showed sentiment among firms close to consumers, such as retailers, worsened for the second straight month in December)。
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內(nèi)閣府的數(shù)據(jù)顯示,12月相關(guān)企業(yè)景氣指數(shù)環(huán)比下降0.1個(gè)百分點(diǎn),降至48.6。調(diào)查還提到,部分零售商反映,居民生活成本上升正抑制消費(fèi)需求(Some retailers said the rising cost of living was weighing on consumption)。
日本西部一家旅行社則表示,中國(guó)赴日游客數(shù)量持續(xù)下滑,且暫無反彈跡象,這將對(duì)其經(jīng)營(yíng)造成拖累(there was no sign of a rebound in tourists from China, whose numbers have been falling, and that could drag on its business)。
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