美媒解析：特朗普為啥什么都想要

1月8日，《紐約客》發(fā)表文章《特朗普為何覬覦格陵蘭島（以及世間萬物）》，指出美國總統(tǒng)特朗普外交政策的核心，并非基于傳統(tǒng)意義上的戰(zhàn)略考量，而是源于一種將世界視為可占有資產(chǎn)的個人欲望。

“這和房地產(chǎn)交易沒什么不同，只是規(guī)模稍微大一點而已。”特朗普曾這樣形容自己執(zhí)意要買下丹麥領(lǐng)土格陵蘭島的想法，稱之為精明地產(chǎn)商的本能反應(yīng)。

“我是搞房地產(chǎn)的。我看中一個街角，就會想，‘這塊地方我得拿到，才能把整棟樓建起來。’差不多就是這么回事。”他說。“我喜歡地圖。我一直覺得，‘你看看這地方有多大，簡直巨大，它就該屬于美國。’”

US President Donald Trump presented his interest in Greenland as the musings of a canny businessman: "I said, 'Why don't we have that?' You take a look at a map. So I'm in real estate. I look at a corner, I say, 'I gotta get that store for the building that I'm building,' et cetera. You know, it's not that different. I love maps. And I always said, 'Look at the size of this, it's massive, and that should be part of the United States.'" He added, "It's not different from a real estate deal. It's just a little bit larger, to put it mildly."

musing /?mju?z??/ 冥想

canny /?k?ni/ 精明的

特朗普對格陵蘭的興趣在2019年夏天首次曝光，現(xiàn)在看來，這并非一時興起。多名美國前政府官員透露，這一想法幾乎貫穿了他的整個總統(tǒng)任期，甚至一度促使政府內(nèi)部對“收購格陵蘭”的可行性進行過認真研究。

We had been surprised to learn that Trump's pursuit of it had not been the transitory whim that it had initially appeared to be, when, in the summer of 2019, it was first made public, but a persistent demand over several years of his presidency. Several former officials had told us that Trump's insistence had prompted serious internal study.

whim /w?m/ 一時興起

在特朗普政府宣稱成功發(fā)動一次大膽的周末突襲、強行控制委內(nèi)瑞拉總統(tǒng)尼古拉斯·馬杜羅之后，白宮情緒高漲，隨即發(fā)表聲明威脅稱，若丹麥拒絕交出格陵蘭，美國不排除采取軍事行動。

1月9日，美國總統(tǒng)特朗普在白宮東廳與石油和天然氣公司高管舉行會議，并展示他的“快樂特朗普”胸針。圖源：VCG

隨后幾天，特朗普多次重申，美國“必須”擁有這片地廣人稀、資源豐富的土地。對此，七個歐洲國家發(fā)表聯(lián)合聲明予以譴責(zé)。特朗普迅速反擊，稱真正“不值得信任”的是歐洲，后者無法保護自己的盟友。

After a large-scale strike against Venezuela on Jan 3 and forcibly seized Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro and his wife, Trump's White House put out a statement threatening Denmark, a NATO ally, with military action if it did not hand over Greenland.

In the days since, Trump has insisted that the United States simply must have the vast, sparsely populated, and resource-rich territory.

sparsely /?spɑ?sli/ 稀疏地

據(jù)知情人士透露，最早向特朗普灌輸這一想法的，是他大學(xué)時期的朋友——化妝品巨頭羅納德·勞德（Ronald Lauder）。勞德甚至曾主動向時任美國國家安全事務(wù)助理的約翰·博爾頓（John Bolton）請纓，表示愿意擔(dān)任“秘密特使”，前往丹麥展開談判。博爾頓在其回憶錄中寫道，2018年夏天，特朗普還曾異想天開地提出，用波多黎各交換格陵蘭。

一次橢圓形辦公室會議結(jié)束后，一名內(nèi)閣成員形容當(dāng)時的情景：“你坐在那里，會覺得，‘這不是真的吧。’但緊接著你又會想，‘不，他可能真的當(dāng)真了。’”

After an early Oval Office meeting during which Trump expounded on buying Greenland, a mystified cabinet member was struck by how delusional the president sounded. "You'd just sit there and be, like, 'Well, this isn't real,'" the secretary later told us. "But then you're, like, 'Oh, well, maybe this is real in his mind.'"

mystified /?m?st?fa?d/ 困惑的

事實證明，格陵蘭并非一個政治笑話，而是理解特朗普外交政策的一把鑰匙。它揭示了一種模式：一個迷戀權(quán)力的總統(tǒng)，凝視地圖上的土地，便萌生出將其據(jù)為己有的沖動。

Greenland, it turns out, is not a punch line but a template that explains much about Trump's foreign policy: it's about a power-grabbing president who looks at territory on a map and says he wants to own it.

特朗普始終無法清晰說明收購格陵蘭的真正理由。“從戰(zhàn)略角度、地理位置、地緣政治上看，我們就該擁有它。”他這樣解釋道。這種含糊其辭，與他同樣說不清楚在強行控制馬杜羅、控制部分委內(nèi)瑞拉的石油資源之后，美國究竟打算如何收場，如出一轍。

Trump could not articulate a rationale for acquiring Greenland — "from a strategic standpoint, from a locational standpoint, from a geography standpoint, it's something that we should have," he told us — any more than he can elaborate on what his plan is for Venezuela now that he's seized the country's leader and some of its oil.

當(dāng)被問及“既然1951年美國與丹麥簽署的條約已賦予美軍在格陵蘭幾乎不受限制的使用權(quán)，為何仍不滿足”時，特朗普的回答是：“所有權(quán)非常重要。”他說，“那是一種心理上的需要，是成功所必需的。”

他甚至聲稱，自己在全球范圍內(nèi)的權(quán)力不受任何限制，唯一的約束來自“我自己的道德，我自己的想法。只有這個能攔住我。”

Asked by reporters from the Times, why he couldn't just settle for the terms of the existing 1951 treaty with Denmark, which grants the US military nearly unlimited use of Greenland's territory, Trump replied, "Ownership is very important." He added, "because that's what I feel is psychologically needed for success."

There are no limits to his global powers, Trump said, except one thing: "My own morality. My own mind. It's the only thing that can stop me."

《紐約客》總結(jié)道，從政十年、第二個任期已過去將近一年，如今或許可以下一個結(jié)論：特朗普最具標志性的地緣政治特征，并不是讓美國退出世界，而是通過一場場表演式的武力與威脅展示，強行將個人意志施加于世界秩序之上。

A decade into Trump's political career and nearly a year into his second term, we can now say definitively that the president's signature geopolitical move is not withdrawing the United States from the world but performative displays of force to impose his will on it.

編輯：裴禧盈

來源：紐約客

跟著China Daily

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